that the tribal, ethnic and religious conflicts have been remarkably on the uptick in south sudan, nigeria, christians, muslims, just everywhere in weak state governments, and they all have modern weapons or machetes. would you cardiackize yourself as -- characterize yourself as being more optimistic or less about this future since there seems to be a reluctant on the great powers to get involved in these things? and as an aside, i would say what she was talking about, i think the way the russians look at the world and putin is completely different than ours, and they really have a different mindset based on their geography. >> two interesting questions rolled into one, thank you. [laughter] your first question, your first observation, you're absolutely correct that there's a lot that that's still tribal in the modern world. it's not just that in afghanistan and sudan there's a lot that's tribal. in the united states, there's a lot that's tribal. any of you who know a rural area of the united states. so my wife and i and our kids, we spend parts of our summers in montana. and when neighbor